绵阳市县域城镇化与农村空心化空间分布特征及相关性研究

The Study of Spatial Characteristics and Correlations for County Region Urbanization and Rural Hollowing in Mianyang City

以绵阳市为例,利用绵阳市各区县社会经济数据和土地利用数据,采用熵值法确定权重,分别测度了绵阳市各区县的城镇化水平和农村空心化水平,分析了两者之间的关系,探索了不同城镇化水平下的空心化治理途径.结果表明:1)绵阳市城镇化水平差异显著,主要呈现由涪城区向两边递减的圈层结构.2)绵阳市农村空心化水平县域差异较大.安县空心化水平最高,其次是梓潼县、盐亭县、平武县,其余区域的空心化水平处于相对较低的水平.3)农村空心化与县域城镇化水平有密切关系,县域城镇化水平越高的地区,越容易实现城乡要素之间的合理流动,形成以工促农、以城带乡的良性互动机制,空心化水平越低;县域城镇化水平越低的地区,难以有效解决当地农村剩余劳动力,缺乏对农村的资金支持,空心化水平越高.

This paper took the City of Mianyang as an example to analyze the correlation between the level of urbanization and the level of rural hollowing.In detail,this paper utilized socioeconomic data and land use data for different counties in Mianyang,and employed the weight values by Entropy Method,to estimate the level of urbanization and the level of rural hollowing for different counties respectively.Based on this,the correlation between such two levels was analyzed.Furthermore,different ways for controlling the rural hollowing based on different urbanization levels were explored.The results showed：1） The regional differentiation of urbanization level for different counties was significant in the City of Mianyang; it primarily presented a ring structure：urbanization level decreased from the District （County） of Fucheng to two directional extensions.2） There was also significant regional differentiation of rural hollowing level in different counties in Mianyang; the County of An possessed highest level of rural hollowing,followed by the County of Zitong,the County of Yanting,and the County of Pingwu ; rural hollowing levels were relatively low at other areas.3） There was a high correlation between the level of urbanization and the level of rural hollowing in the studied countries ; the logic is that a higher level of urbanization facilitates a reasonable inter-flow of various elements between urban and rural regions,and causes an interaction mechanism of ＂promoting agriculture with industry＂ and ＂quickening the development of townships under the leadership of cities＂,and finally leads into a low level of rural hollowing in that region.Conversely,the lower the level urbanization in a county is,the higher the level of rural hollowing in that region will be,since an under-urbanized area cannot solve the rural surplus labor force easily,and there must be a lack of financial support as well for the countryside in that area.