立法者:灵魂与城邦——对柏拉图《理想国》的法律哲学阐释

Legislator :Soul and City-State——The Legal Philosophy Interpretation of Plato's Republic

《理想国》中的对话实为一场哲人的"制宪会议",从立法者的角度重新思考《理想国》的创造意图和核心命题具有重要价值。《理想国》的核心主题是灵魂正义,城邦仅仅是作为类比而被引入,因此这场"制宪会议"旨在为灵魂设定尺度,因此教育成为最大的立法。诗歌与哲学之争,本质上是立法权之争,哲学家取代诗人,成为终极立法者——神——的代言人。在这个意义上,《理想国》本身即为一部完整的法典,仅需在《理想国》文本内对这个问题进行体系性和融贯性阐释。

This article takes the dialogue in Plato＇s Republic as a ＂Constitutional Convention＂ of philosophers,and rethinks the intent and core propositions of Plato＇s Republic from the view of a legislator. The core theme of Plato＇s Republic is the justice of the soul,city-state is introduced only as an analog,so the ＂Constitutional Convention＂ is intended to set the scale for the soul,education becomes the fundamental legislation. The dispute between poetry and philosophy is essentially a dispute of legislative power,the philosopher finally replaces the poet as the spokesmen of God who is the ultimate legislator. This article takes Plato＇s Republic as a code,and only makes systemic interpretation within the text.