魏官品令考

An Investigation of “Guanpin Ling of Wei”

《新唐书·艺文志》职官类有"《魏官品令》一卷",系在晋、宋之书后,齐、梁、陈之书前;不少学者皆以为此"《魏官品令》"为曹魏所定,实有可商之处。魏有官品令,史有确证,作为官品制度(九品中正制)在律令中的反映,其制定时间不应在魏末,而是在魏明帝修律令时。惜浅井虎夫、沈家本、程树德考魏令皆不及此,本文通过考辨《新唐书·艺文志》所见"《魏官品令》"非魏令;探析魏官品令、魏官品、魏百官名、魏甲辰令、魏甲辰仪(注)诸者关系,凡此以求魏官品令之大概。

In the official part of Yiwenzhi of New Book of Tang,there is a reel of Book named as ＂Guanpin Ling of Wei＂,which is before the books of the Jin Dynasty and Southern Song Dynasty,and after the books of the Southern Qi,Liang and Chen Dynasties,therefore,many scholars believes that Cao Wei made the ＂Guanpin Ling＂,however,this is arguable. Cao Wei did make a ＂Guanpin Ling＂,which can be proved by historical records. However,as an reflection of the Nine-rank system for government officials of Cao Wei,it should be made in the period of emperor Wei Mingdi,but not at the and of Cao Wei. It is a pity that Asai Torao,Shen Jiaben and Cheng Shu-de all ignored the problems of ＂Guanpin Ling of Wei＂. The author believes that the ＂Guanpin Ling of Wei＂ in the New Book of Tang was not made by Cao Wei,but was made by the Northern Wei Dynasty. It has a lot of contacts with the Guanpin of Cao Wei,Baiguanming of Cao Wei,Jiachen Ling of Cao Wei and the Jiachen Yi of Cao Wei.