利福平对两种色型豌豆蚜种群参数的影响

Effects of rifampicin on population parameters of two color morphs of Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris

为了明确利福平(rifampicin)不同处理对2种色型豌豆蚜生长发育和种群参数的影响,将利福平分别按同时喷洒蚕豆植株和蚜虫虫体(Ⅰ)、只喷洒蚜虫虫体(Ⅱ)和只喷洒蚕豆植株(Ⅲ)3种方式处理以及对照,获得各处理的发育历期、平均体重、体重差、相对日均体重增长率和平均繁殖力等生物学参数。结果表明:1)3种利福平处理的若虫发育历期和世代历期均显著长于同色型对照(P<0.05),成蚜寿命表现为处理Ⅰ和处理Ⅲ均显著长于同色型对照(P<0.05),处理Ⅱ有延长成蚜寿命的作用,但与同色型对照差异不显著(P>0.05);处理Ⅰ中,红、绿色型豌豆蚜若虫发育历期期(9.46和9.84 d)、成蚜寿命(19.40和18.47 d)和世代历期(28.88和28.29 d)均达到最大值。2)3种处理的2种色型豌豆蚜平均体重、体重差和相对日均体重增长率均表现为下降,且与同色型对照差异显著(P<0.05),而繁殖力显著低于同色型对照(P<0.05)。3)3种处理的2种色型豌豆蚜种群净生殖率、平均世代周期、内禀增长率、周限增长率和种群加倍时间与同色型对照差异显著(P<0.05),但红绿色型间种群参数差异不显著(P>0.05)。

The objective of this study was to clarify the effects of rifampicin （antibiotics） on the growth, development and population parameters of two color morphs （ red and green） of Acyrtho- siphon pisum Harris. In laboratory, four treatments were set up： control （CK） , spraying rifampi- cin on plant surface and aphid body at the same time （ Ⅰ）, spraying rifampicin on aphid body （ Ⅱ ） and spraying rifampicin on plant surface （Ⅲ）. Biological parameters （ the average weight, weight difference, mean relative daily weight growth rate during the developmental period, and the mean fecundity per female） were measured. The results showed that ： 1 ） nymph and genera- tion durations of the two color morphs in the three rifampiein treatments were significantly longer than those of the same color type in the control （P〈0.05）. Adult longevity of either treatment [ or treatment m was obviously longer than that of the same color type in the control （ P〈0.05 ） , while the adult longevity of treatment Ⅱ showed no significant difference compared to the same color type in the control （P〈0.05）. In treatment I , the development durations, adult longevity and generation durations of the red and green morphs were 9.46, 19.40 and 28.22, and 9.84, 18.47 and 28.29 days, respectively. 2） The average weight, weight difference and relative growth rate of the two color morphs in the three rifampiein treatments were all significantly re- duced compared with the same color morph in the control （P〈0.05） , while the reproductive rate of each of the two color morphs was lower than that of the same color type in the control （P〈 0.05）. 3） The net reproductive rate, mean generation duration, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase and double population time of the two color morphs in the three rifampicin treatments were significantly different from the same color morph in the control （P〈0.05）. However, all the population parameters were not significant between the two color morphs （P〉0. 05 ）.