不同低温处理对张家港凤凰水蜜桃贮藏效果的对比研究

Comparative Study on the Effects of Different Low-temperature Treatments on the Fenghuang Peach During Storage

水蜜桃是呼吸跃变型的果实,是一种极其不耐贮藏的果品,安全有效的保鲜方法是人们一直在探究的难点课题。本研究对以不同温度处理后的桃果实进行了多项指标的测定,在综合考虑了果实贮藏风味和冷害发生的情况下,找到了针对凤凰水蜜桃保鲜的最适贮藏温度。以凤凰水蜜桃白花品种为试验材料,研究选择在1,4,7℃3个梯度温度条件下,对水蜜桃的保鲜效果进行了研究比较,测定桃果实的各项主要生理生化指标。结果表明:在1℃和4℃下,桃果实能正常后熟;较7℃处理,1℃与4℃都能够抑制贮藏期间硬度和可溶性固形物含量的下降;其中在低温1℃冷藏环境下,在第30天时对保持桃果实硬度、推迟呼吸高峰、保持细胞膜完整性和MDA含量方面仍具有良好效果。因此,凤凰水蜜桃保鲜的最适贮藏温度可以选在1℃,而且与其他各方法比较后证实气调结合低温是目前最有效、安全可靠的水蜜桃保鲜方法。

Honey peach is a climacteric fruit, whose preservation of freshness remains a challenge due to its special physiological characteristics. Cold storage is the most effective measure for fruit preservation. An optimal storage temperature of Fenghuang peach could be found by synthetically considering the flavor after fruit storage and chilling injury. The Fenghuang Baihua honey peaches were chosen as the experimental samples. In order to compare the effect of preservation under three graded refrigerated conditions（1℃, 4 ℃ and 7 ℃）, the major physiological and biochemical indices of peach fruit were measured. The results showed that honey peach could mature after cold storage under the refrigerated conditions at 1 ℃ and 4 ℃, it could inhibit the decline of hardness and soluble solids content during storage compared with the refrigerated condition at 7 ℃. Further study reveals that honey peaches still show good performance in hardness keeping, delayed respiratory peak, cell membrane integrity maintaining and MDA content maintaining under the refrigerated conditions at 1 ℃ in the 30 th day. Therefore, 1 ℃ could be used as the Fenghuang Baihua honey peaches＇ optimal storage temperature. The refrigerated condition at 1 ℃, combined with controlled atmosphere could be used and promoted as an effective and trustworthy approach of Fenghuang honey peaches＇ preservation.