新疆地区回族、汉族人群HBV基因分型的研究

The research of HBV genotype distribution between Hui and Han populations in Xinjiang

目的了解新疆地区回族、汉族慢性乙型肝炎患者HBV基因型分布特点,完善新疆少数民族地区HBV流行病学资料。方法对来自乌鲁木齐和伊犁地区的回族与汉族乙型肝炎患者共194名,收集血清标本,应用ELISA法检测乙肝5项,测序方法进行HBV基因分型,荧光定量PCR法检测HBV基因载量。结果 94名回族患者中各基因型比例分别为:B型7例占7.44%,C型66例占70.21%,D型21例占22.34%。100名汉族患者中各基因型比例分别为:B型23例占23%,C型57例占57%,D型12例占12%,B/C混合型8例占8%。汉族和回族中均以C型占优势,但4种基因型在汉族和回族中的总体分布不同:C型和D型在回族的分布频率>汉族(P<0.01),而B型和混合型在汉族中的分布频率>回族(P<0.01)。HBV基因载量测定检测结果显示,回、汉民族间D基因型在HBV-DNA拷贝数上有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他型别均无统计学意义。结论 HBV的4种基因型在汉族和回族中总体分布不同,2民族C型都占有绝对优势,但基因类型构成又各具特点,体现了本地区HBV基因型的地域分布和族群分布特点。

Objective To understand the distribution characteristics of HBV genotypes in Hui and Han patients with chronic hepatitis B virus （HBV） and and to improve epidemiologieal dat~ of HBV in Xinjiang. Methods From 194 Hui and Han patients with chronic hepatitis B from Urumqi and Ili Kazakh ＇Sistrict,ELISA was used to detect five serological markers. Then,genome sequencing method was conducted to genotype HBV. Lastly ,fluorogenic quantitative PCR was used to detect the HBV load. Results Type B in 7 cases （7.44%） ,type C in 66 cases （70.21%） and type D in 21 cases （22. 34% ） were genotyped in 94 Hui eases. Type B in 23 cases （23%） ,type C in 57 cases （57%） ,type D in 12 cases （ 12% ） and 8 cases ofBC mixedblood type （8%） were genotyped in 100 Han cases. The results showed that HBV genotypes in Hui and Han people were predominantlymade up of type C,but the distribution of the HBC genotypes was determined to be dis- tinct among the two populations. The ratios of type C and D in Hui population were higher than those in Han population （ P 〈0. 01 ） while the ratios of type BC and B in Han populations were higher than those in Hui population （P 〈0. 01 ）. HBV gene load tests showed that there were statisticaUy significant difference among genotypes D in Hui and Han patients, but no statistically significant difference existed among other genotypes. Conclusion Genotype C has an absolute advantage in both Hui and Han populations. However,due to thedifferent composition and characteristics of genotypes in two populations, the HBV genotypes demonstrated distinct ethnic and regional distribution characteristics in Xinjiang minority area.