心理护理对消除献血大学生焦虑状态的影响

The influence of mental nursing care on eliminating anxiety of blood donors who were college students

目的探讨心理护理对消除献血大学生焦虑状态的影响。方法选取青岛市某高校18～22岁自愿报名参加献血的大学生172人,随机分为2组,观察组86人,对照组86人。2组学生在采血前后分别填写焦虑自评量表（SAS）并进行评分。对照组学生常规采血,不做任何处理,观察组学生采血前对其进行心理护理,采血后2 h内观察并记录2组学生的献血反应发生情况。结果观察组学生献血后SAS评分明显低于献血前,2者差异有统计学意义（t=8.26,P〈0.05）,对照组学生献血前后SAS评分差异无统计学意义（t=1.23,P〉0.05）;观察组献血反应发生率明显低于对照组（χ2=4.84,P〈0.05）,2均是女性献血反应高于男性,差别有统计学意义（χ2=4.22,5.99,P〈0.05）。结论采血前对大学生进行心理护理能够消除大学生的焦虑状态。大学生女性是采血过程中心理护理的重点对象。

Objective To investigate the influence of mental nursing care on eliminating anxiety of blood donors who were college students. Methods The students of a college in Qingdao who donated blood voluntarily were divided randomly into observation group （n = 86） and control group （n = 86）. All the students filled in the SAS table before and after donation. The students in the observation group received mental nursing care before donation and there was no treatment in the control group. Tile occurrence of donation-induced responses were observed and recorded within 2 hours after donation in the two groups. Results The SAS scores were significantly different before and after donation in the observation group （ t = 8.26, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The SAS scores were not significantly different in control group （ t = 1.23, P 〉 0. 05 ）. The occurrence of blood donation-induced response in observation group was significantly lower than the control group （χ2 = 4. 84, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The occurrence of response in female students was remarkably higher than the male students in both groups（χ2 = 4. 22,5.99, P 〈 0. 05 ）. Conclusion The mental nursing care for college students before blood donation cotdd eliminated anxiety. Female students were the key objects of mental nursing care.