广西6～13岁儿童超重肥胖影响因素分析

Analysis of factors influencing overweight and obesity among children aged 6-13 years in Guangxi

目的 了解广西6～13岁儿童超重肥胖流行现状及影响因素,为进一步研究超重肥胖的发病机制及有效防治措施提供科学依据。方法 按照分层整群随机的方法,于2010年抽取广西6 370名6～13岁儿童,进行身高、体重测量及问卷调查,以《中国学龄儿童少年超重和肥胖预防与控制指南》（试用）为判断标准,对检出的超重肥胖儿童进行影响因素分析。结果 6370名儿童超重肥胖率为9.9%,其中男童超重肥胖率为12.2%、女童7.5%;城市儿童超重肥胖率14.6%、农村儿童4.8%。单因素分析显示,性别、城乡、父母亲文化程度、出生体重、饮食开支、偏食、吃饭速度、户外活动时间、睡眠时间与儿童超重肥胖有统计学关联（P〈0.05）;多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,性别、城乡、吃油炸食品、喝碳酸饮料、偏食是儿童超重肥胖的危险因素;父母亲文化程度、睡眠时间是儿童超重肥胖的保护因素。结论广西6～13岁儿童超重肥胖率低于全国水平,生活环境、饮食行为及运动是儿童超重肥胖的主要影响因素,健康教育、饮食调整及运动锻炼是减少儿童超重肥胖的重要措施。

Objective To understand the prevalent status and influencing factors of overweight and obesity among children aged 6~13 years in Guangxi,and to provide a scientific basis for further study of the pathogenesis of overweight and obesity and develop an effective control measures. Methods A stratified random sampling method was used for collecting data of 6 370 children aged 6 to 13 in Guangxi in 2010.The sample data of height and weight were measured,and a questionnaire survey was performed. The sample was screened based on the diagnostic criteria of ＂China school-age children overweight and obesity prevention and control guide＂.The risk factors associated with overweight and obesity were analyzed. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 9.9%,being12.2% for boys and 7.5% for girls,14.6% for urban children and 4.8% for rural children. Univariate analysis showed that sex,urban or rural area,parents’education level,birth weight,food expenditure,preferring for a certain food,speed of eating,outdoor exercise time and sleep time were statistically associated with overweight and obesity in children（P〈0.05）.Logistic regression analysis showed that sex, urban or rural area, often eating fried food, carbonated drinks and preferring a certain food were the risk factor of overweight and obesity in children. Parents’ education level and duration of sleeping were the protective factors. Conclusion The incidence of overweight and obesity among children aged 6-13 years in Guangxi was lower than the national average level. The major influencing factors on overweight and obesity among children were living environment, dietary habit and bahavior and physical exercise. Health education, physical exercise and diet adjustment are effective measures for controlling overweight and obesity in children.