科技对经济增长贡献的效率及影响因素分析

Analysis of the efficiency of S&T contributions to economic growth and its influencing factors

运用DEA-Malmquist指数模型研究中国2001—2009年科技对经济增长贡献效率,结合面板回归对科技影响因素进行分析。2001—2009年中国全要素生产率指数为1.055,被喻为"双驱动"的技术进步和技术效率共同推动着科技创新;地区全要素生产率指数、技术进步指数呈较优发展态势,说明科技带动各地区经济迅速发展;单方差因素分析东、中、西部地区Malmquist指数统计结果表明,只有技术进步指数有显著性差异,其它指数均无显著性差异;各投入要素利用效率最高是科技,且东部比中、西部地区科技利用效率高。面板回归表明,每万人科学家与工程师人数对科技贡献最大,其次是研发经费强度,教育投入强度对科技贡献最小。

This paper uses DEA-Malmquist index model to study the science and technology contribution to econom- ic growth efficiency of China in 2001 to 2009, and analyzes the influence factors of science and technology com- bined with the panel regression analysis. Chinese total factor productivity index is 1. 055 in 2001 to 2009. Techni- cal progress and technical efficiency which was known as the ＂double drive＂ promote the innovation of science and technology together. Regional total factor productivity index, and technological progress index shows a better devel- opment situation, which explain that science and technology makes regional economic develop rapidly. Unilateral difference factors analysis of eastern, central and western regions Malmquist index statistics results show that only technological progress index exist significant difference, other index do not have significant difference. The highest utilization efficiency of inputs is science and technology, and the utilization efficiency of science and technology in the eastern is higher than which in the central and western regions. The panel regression shows that the number of scientists and engineers per ten thousand people on the largest contribution to the science and technology. The second is the strength of research and development spending, the education input intensity contribute least to science and technology.