法国殖民制度影响下的越南官僚政治文化

The Political Culture of Vietnamese Feudal Bureaucracy under the French Colonial Rule

19世纪下半期,法国在印度支那半岛上建立起殖民统治,通过"分而治之"的政策将越南分割为东京、安南和交趾支那。法国建立的殖民制度打破了越南封建时代的政治格局,冲击并改变了越南封建官僚阶层的认知取向、情感取向和评价取向,促使官僚在政治文化层面向多元化方向发展,对越南社会,尤其是南方社会的发展产生了重要影响。探讨这一影响以及影响的发生机理,有利于从政治文化的角度研究西方的殖民统治对东南亚封建国家的现代化进程的影响。

During the latter half of the 19 th century,French established colonial rule in Indochina. Under the divide-and-rule policies by French colonialists,Vietnam was administratively divided into three different territories: Tonkin protectorate,Annam protectorate and the colony of Cochinchina. French colonial rule had broken the old Vietnamese feudal system and changed the three modes of political orientation of the feudal bureaucracy,cognitive orientation,affective orientation and evaluational orientation,which made the Vietnamese political culture diversified and had important impact on society development,especially in Annam protectorate and the colony of Cochinchina. The discussion of influence of French colonial rule on Vietnamese feudal system and political orientations would help to understand the role of Western colonisation in the modernization process of Vietnam as well as other countries in Southeast Asian.