粤中海域麻痹性贝类毒素成分特征分析

Profiles of paralytic shellfish poisoning( PSP) in shellfish collected from the middle coast of Guangdong Province

运用液相色谱—柱后衍生荧光检测技术,对2005~2006年在粤中近岸重点养殖区采集的主要经济贝类进行麻痹性贝类毒素（PSP）成分分析。结果表明,在染毒的贝类样品中共检出麻痹性贝类毒素的10种成分,低毒性的C1和dcGTX2的检出率最高,均在90%以上。其次为C2,达80%。高毒力的STX检出率较低,未检出neoSTX和dcSTX毒素。麻痹性贝类毒素的成分及染毒状况在粤中海域的分布具有明显的地域性、季节性和贝类种间差异。地域上,不同海域同一种贝类体中的毒素成分差异较大。在季节上,夏季近江牡蛎（Crassostrea rivularis）体中的毒素含量最高。主要染毒贝类为牡蛎（Crassostrea spp.）、华贵栉孔扇贝（Chlamys nobilis）和翡翠贻贝（Perna viridis）,其中,华贵栉孔扇贝在所检测的贝类中毒素含量最高。

The paper mainly aimed to investigate the paralytic sheUfish poisoning （PSP） profiles in shellfish and provide a theoretical basis for monitoring and management of biotoxin of harmful algal blooms in the coast of Guangdong Province. The shellfish were collected from shellfish culture areas in different Bays along the middle coast of Guang- dong Province from 2005 to 2006. PSP in the shellfish was monitored by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection （HPLC-FD）. The results showed that ten components of PSP could be detected from the shellfish. Both C1 and dcGq3（2 toxins had the highest detection rate of 90% above, followed by C2 with detection rate of 80%. STX had a lower detection rate. No neoSTX and dcSTX were detected out in the samples. Generally, the char- acteristic of PSP has obvious seasonal, regional and interspecific differences along the middle coast of Guangdong Province. Compared to other seasons, Crassostrea rivularis had the highest PSP content in summer. PSP contamination was more serious in Daya Bay than other sea areas. The main shellfish species contaminated by PSP were Crassostrea spp. , Chlamys nobilis and Perna viridis. The highest content of PSP was detected in Crassostrea spp.