小分子化合物诱导干细胞分化为胰岛素产生细胞的研究进展

Research Progress in Small Molecule-Induced Stem Cell Differentiation into Insulin-Producing Cells

糖尿病的治疗主要围绕传统的口服降糖药和胰岛素替代治疗。人类和动物的起源干细胞在体外被分化为胰岛素产生细胞(IPCs)成为研究热点,并显示出体内降糖作用,可能是β细胞代替治疗的一个潜在新来源。而成功诱导有功能β-胰岛样的IPCs的因素包括:慎重选择干细胞、诱导方法、小分子物质的选择。同样重要的是,分化的机制和IPCs降血糖机制及IPCs应用到临床的前期研究。文章简要介绍了IPC的来源,重点阐述产生IPCs诱导因子及体外去分化潜在的问题和实用价值。

The treatment of diabetes mellitus focuses mainly on conventional oral hypoglycemic agents and insulin replacement therapy.Recently,there has been increasing concern regarding in vitro differentiation of various sources of stem cells into insulin-producing cells （IPCs）,which have been shown to exert hypoglycemic effect in vivo and may serve as a potential source forβ-cell replacement therapy.The contributing factors to successful induction of functional β-islet-like IPCs include careful choice of stem cells,induction methods,and choice of small molecules.How-ever,preliminary studies on the mechanisms of cell differentiation and hypoglycemic action of IPCs and the application of IPCs are also important.This paper reviews the sources of IPCs with emphasis on the inducible factors,in vitro dedifferentiation and practical value of IPCs.