英语作格动词与被动化

English Ergative Verbs and Passivity

英语作格动词是词汇语义范畴内讨论的热点问题,有特殊的语义表征。就词汇语义性质来说,作格动词属于强动作性使役动词,具有动作自发性、不需要外力作用、不允许增加被动语法的标记。然而人们往往错误地将其用于被动语态,这是混淆作格动词与被动词的语义特征的表现,根据词汇语义的结构理论,作格动词不准被动化主要与其语义特征相关。

The English ergative verbs are the issues of the lexical semantic category with special semantic representation. On their lexical properties,the ergative verbs belong to the strong and causative action verbs without external force and do not allow the passive grammatical marks. However,people often wrongly use it in the passive voice. It is the confused expression of the semantic characters of the ergative verbs and the passive verbs. According to the lexical semantic structure theory,through the analysis of the lexical semantic features of the ergative verbs,the paper explains the similarities and differences of the ergative verbs and the passive verbs and suggests that the ergative verbs can not be used in the passive voice mainly related to its semantic features.