软路面下矿用自卸车侧倾响应分析与优化

Analysis and Optimization for Roll Response of Mining Dump Truck on Soft Terrain Surface

矿用自卸车所处路况多为松软路面,地面与轮胎作用存在变形沉陷,这对整车行驶过程中的侧倾响应有很大影响。建立了弹性轮胎-变形地面相互作用模型,并将轮胎跳动自由度与整车结合,建立了十一自由度非线性整车动力学模型。在MATLAB/Simulink环境下搭建地面-轮胎-车辆耦合系统进行仿真分析,对仿真结果与实验数据进行对比,验证了模型的正确性,同时得出,软路面下侧倾角响应较之硬路面增加1.28°,增幅达23.81%,从而验证了软路面下轮胎沉陷变形对矿用自卸车侧倾有不容忽视的影响。采用遗传算法对油气悬架参数进行联合优化,优化后侧倾值下降了16.7%,明显提高了自卸车侧倾稳定性。

The road conditions that mining dump truck rided were always the soft terrain surface , the interaction between road and tire had settlement deformation ,this made a big influence on roll re-sponse in the vehicle driving process .Thus ,this paper established an elastic tire-soft terrain interac-tion model ,and combining the vehicle with the tire’s jump degree ,then a vehicle dynamics model of eleven degrees of freedom was established .Through the MATLAB/Simulink the road-tire-vehicle coupling system was established ,the accuracy of the model was proved by the comparison between the simulation results and experimental data .And the roll response under soft road increases by 1.28° than that of the rigid road excitation ,the increase amplitude is as 23.81% ,thus the effects of the tire’s settlement deformation on the soft terrain surface on the roll response were verified .The physi-cal parameters of the hydro-pneumatic suspension were optimized by genetic algorithm ,the roll angle reduces by 16.7% after optimization ,the dump truck’s roll stability is improved obviously .