基于放射信息系统调查某医院不同X射线诊断检查类型的频次分布

Frequency Distribution of Different X-Ray Diagnostic Examinations in Hospital Based on Radiology Information System

[目的]利用放射信息管理系统（RIS）数据信息了解X射线诊断检查的频次分布情况。[方法]通过RIS数据库搜集2012年1月1日至12月31日全年某区医院接受X射线诊断检查时的编号（ID）、性别、出生日期、受检时间、检查部位等相关信息,然后利用SAS软件对数据进行清理及相应的统计处理,调查不同性别、年龄及受检部位的患者接受不同X射线诊断检查类型的频次分布,及依据患者年龄、受检部位统计2012年患者重复接受CT检查的情况。[结果]该医院共有11台医用诊断X射线机,2012年全年共进行416 947人次X射线诊断检查。其中,接受计算机X射线摄影/数字化X射线摄影（CR/DR）检查最高,为328 484人次;其次为计算机断层扫描（CT）79 897人次;牙科摄影为7 303人次。在所有X射线诊断检查中,胸部摄影所占比例最高,约为40.2%;其次为四肢及关节摄影,为27.0%;再次为头部CT检查,约为6.4%。在接受儿童CT扫描的患者中,头部CT检查比例占70.3%。CT重复检查的比例随年龄的增加而增加,0~15岁受检者重复检查的比例约占7.0%;16~40岁占14.4%;40岁以上占22.3%。[结论]利用RIS系统可获取详细的X射线诊断照射信息,方法科学且经济可行。除CR/DR以外,CT检查人次数占所有X射线诊断检查人次数的比重较高,其中,头部CT较常见,尤其是儿童。

[ Objective ] To understand the frequency distribution of X-ray diagnostic examinations through radiology information system （RIS）. [ Methods ] Information was collected through RIS from 1 Jan to 31 Dec 2012, including ID, sex, birth date, examination time, and examined body parts of patients who underwent X-ray diagnostic examinations in a hospital. The SAS was used for data cleansing and statistical analysis of the frequency distribution of different X-ray diagnostic examinations among patients categorized by sex, age, and examined body part and the repeated CT examinations among patients categorized by age and examined body part. [ Results ] There were 11 sets of X-ray machines and 416947 X-ray examinations conducted in 2012 in the hospital. Among them, the highest number of examinations was 328 484 for computed radiography/direct radiography （CR/DR）, followed by 79 897 for computerized tomography （CT）, and 7 303 for dental radiology. The most often examined body part was chest that accounted for 40.2% of all X-ray diagnostic examinations, followed by limbs and joints （27.0%）, and head （6.4%）. Among the children who underwent CT scans, 70.3% of them had head CT scans. The proportion of patients who had repeated CT scans increased with age： 7.0% for the children aged 0-15 years old, 14.4% for those aged 16-40 years old, and 22.3% for those aged older than 40 years old. [ Conclusion ] The method to obtain medical X-ray exposure data from RIS is scientific and economic. Except for CR/DR, the higher frequency of CT examination accounts for that of all X-ray diagnostic examinations. Head CT is common in CT scans, especially for children.