社区高血压患者开展自我管理培训的效果分析

Effect analysis of self-management training on hypertensive patients in community

目的探讨社区高血压患者开展自我管理培训后的自我健康管理效果。方法 2012年6-12月选取黄桷坪辖区6个社区居委会内居住的高血压患者112例,以居委会为单位,分为观察组和对照组,各56例。对照组患者采取常规高血压3级管理,观察组患者在常规管理基础上成立自我管理小组并开展自我管理培训,12个月后评价两组患者血压控制情况。结果 12个月后,观察组患者血压控制情况显著提高,膳食习惯、行为习惯、运动方式及时间有显著变化,遵医行为有了大幅提高,高血压知识知晓率显著提高,自我监测血压技能掌握例次增多,血压控制情况良好,与对照组比较,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论在社区建立高血压自我管理小组,对高血压患者进行自我管理培训,能有效提高社区高血压患者自我管理能力,增强其遵医行为及健康行为,从而有效控制高血压,有助于提高社区高血压患者的生活质量,降低社区高血压患者心脑血管疾病的发生率及病死率。

Objective To explore health self-management effects after self-management training for hypertensive patients in community. Methods A total of 112 hypertensive patients from 6 community neighborhood committees of Huangjueping District were selected from June to December of 2012 and randomized into experiment group and control group according to the neighborhood committee,56 cases in each group. The control group adopted conventional 3-level management of hypertension,while the experiment group established self-management team and developed of self-management training on the basis of conventional management. The control of blood pressure in the two groups were evaluated 12 months later. Results 12 months later,the control of blood pressure in the experiment group improved more obviously,the dietary habit,behavioral habit,motion mode and time in the experiment group changed significantly,the treatment compliance and awareness rate of knowledge about hypertension were increased remarkably and skills of self monitoring of blood pressure increased with good control of blood pressure,which compared with the control group,the differences all had statistically significant difference（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Establishment of hypertension self-management teams in the community for self-management training on hypertensive patients can effectively improve the ability of self-management of the patients and enhance compliance behavior and health behavior,leading to control blood pressure in hypertensive patients effectively,improve the survival and life quality,and reduce the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease in community.