某院住院患者医院内感染现患率调查及分析

Survey and analysis on prevalence rate of nosocomial infection in inpatients in a hospital

目的全面了解住院患者医院内感染现状及影响因素,为控制医院内感染危险因素及合理使用抗菌药物提供依据,也为进一步开展有效目标性监测、制订科学有效的感染控制方案提供依据。方法采用横断面调查方法,即床旁调查与病历查阅相结合,对该院2012-2013年医院内感染现患率进行调查。结果抗菌药物使用率从44.03%下降为35.43%,医院内感染率从1.74%上升至4.00%,医院内感染部位以下呼吸道和泌尿道为主,医院内感染病原菌主要为革兰阴性杆菌。抗菌药物一联使用率由83.62%升为94.35%。结论应加强高危科室及高发部位医院内感染的管理,提高临床标本送检质量和送检率,规范抗菌药物合理使用,进一步落实医院内感染控制规范,逐步降低医院内感染的发生。

Objective To understand infection situation and influencing factors of nosocomial and community infection,in order to provide basis for controlling infection risk factors and rational use of antibacterials,as well as for effective and objective surveillance and formulation of scientific infection control plan. Methods By cross-sectional survey methods,namely combining hospital bedside investigation with medical records review,the infection rates in the hospital from 2012 to 2013 were investigated.Results The rate of antibacterials usage decreased from 44.03% to 35.43%;the nosocomial infection rate rose from 1.74% to4.00%;the nosocomial infection sites were mainly lower respiratory tract and urinary tract;the pathogenic bacteria was mainly gram-negative. The combination use rate of antibacterials rose from 83.62% to 94.35%.Conclusion High-risk departments and high-risk areas should strengthen the management of nosocomial infection,improve the quality of clinical specimen for pathological examinations and inspection rate,regulate the rational use of antibacterials,and then further implement the infection control standard and reduce the nosocomial infection gradually.