甲状腺结节超声诊断特点分析

Characteristics of ultrasound diagnosis of thyroid nodules

目的：探讨甲状腺结节的超声诊断特点。方法本研究选择中牟县人民医院2013年1月至2014年1月收治的100例甲状腺结节患者，采用彩色多普勒超声检查，将其结果与手术病理结果比较。结果本组患者100例，超声诊断97例，其中包括三类结节声像图：结节性甲状腺肿42例，彩色多普勒血流显像（ CDFI）显示血流信号分布不固定，周边可见绕行或点状血流信号；甲状腺腺瘤34例，CDFI示边缘有或边缘及内部无较丰富血流，阻力指数和峰值流速偏低；甲状腺癌21例，CDFI示内部及周边有丰富血流信号出现，呈高阻高速，可见动静脉瘘。术后97例确诊，超声诊断符合率为65.8%，恶性符合率为61.9%，超声误诊率为35.1%。结论临床诊断甲状腺结节时，需依据影像学特征进行较为深入的分析，并与病理活检、CT扫描、手术等方式结合确诊，与超声检查结果对照，以降低漏诊率、误诊率，提高相符率，早期诊断、发现甲状腺结节病变，可为临床治疗提供有力的参考依据，促进疾病好转，对改善预后有非常重要的意义，值得临床推广应用。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of ultrasonic diagnosis of thyroid nodules. Methods From January 2013 to January 2014,100 patients with thyroid nodule in the people’s hospital of Zhongmu,were given color doppler ultrasonography,and the results were compared with pathologic findings. Results Among the 100 patients,97 cases were diagnosed by ultrasound,including three types of nodules sonogram：42 cases of nodular goiter,color doppler flow imaging（ CDFI）displayed the distribution of blood flow signal was not fixed,peripheral bypass or dot visible flow signal;34 cases of thyroid adenoma,CDFI showed the edge or edges and internal non-rich blood,low resistance index and peak velocity;21 cases of thyroid cancer,CDFI showed the internal and peripheral blood flow signals appear with rich, high-impedance high-speed,visible arteriovenous fistula. Ninety-seven cases were diagnosed after operation,the ultrasound diagnosis coincidence rate was 65. 8%,malignant coincidence rate was 61. 9%,and the misdiagnosis rate was 35. 1%. Conclusions For the clinical diagnosis of thyroid nodules,thoroughly analysis should be made according to the imaging features,and combined with pathological biopsy,CT scan and operation,and compared with the ultrasonic examination results,in order to reduce the missed diagnosis rate and misdiagnosis rate,improve the compliance rate,early diagnosis and find out thyroid nod-ules,can provide powerful reference for clinical treatment,promote the recovery of the disease,has very important importance in improving the prognosis,so it is worthy of clinical application.