美国教育考试服务中心残疾考生测验公正性保障策略分析及启示

ETS' Strategies To Ensure Fairness in Tests For Those With Disabilities

保障残疾考生测验公正性是残疾人教育权利的重要体现之一,也是提升特殊教育质量、推动特殊教育改革发展的内在要求。美国教育考试服务中心(Educational Testing Service,ETS)作为国际上专业考试机构的代表,在残疾考生测验公正性保障方面进行了深入的理论研究并积累了丰富的实践经验。文章系统分析了ETS的残疾考生测验公正性标准及其审查准则、确保残疾考生测验无障碍性的措施、残疾考生测验公正性保障管理制度,以期为我国教育考试机构带来启示与借鉴。

Fairness in tests for those with disabilities,embodying the protection of the right for those with disabilities to receive education,helps to improve the quality of special education and promote special education reforms and development. The Educational Testing Service（ ETS）,the world＇s representative organization for educational tests,has conducted research into strategies to ensure fairness in tests for those with disabilities,and accumulated a great deal of practical experience. This article introduces ETS＇ standards and guidelines for fairness in tests for those with disabilities,its practices to improve test accessibility for those with disabilities,and its measures to ensure fairness in tests for those with disabilities,so as to provide reference for educational testing management authorities in China.