大庆市大学生社交焦虑障碍患病率及成长环境因素调查

The prevalence rate and growth environmental factors of social anxiety disorder among Daqing college students

目的 了解大庆市大学生社交焦虑障碍时点患病率,探讨影响社交焦虑障碍患病的成长环境因素.方法 按学生构成比分层整群随机抽取大庆市2000名大学生进行问卷调查,包括：一般情况调查表、交往焦虑量表（IAS）、青少年生活事件量表（ASLEC）及父母教养方式评价量表（EMBU）.根据IAS得分进行高中低分组,由6名精神医学、心理学专业医生、教师和研究生对全部高分组、中分组的随机50％、低分组的随机10％进行SCID一对一问诊.结果 收回有效问卷1878份,确诊为社交焦虑障碍者191名,时点患病率为8.89％.农村学生患病率高于城镇（12.3％vs.8.5％,x^2=7.966,P=0.017）,非独生子女患病率大于独生子女（12.0％vs.9.1％,x^2=4.055,P=0.044）.社交焦虑障碍者与非社交焦虑障碍者相比,在生活事件、父母教养方式的多种因素上差异有统计学意义,Logistic回归分析显示生活事件的学习压力（B=0.206）、父亲情感温暖（B=-0.070）、过度保护（B=0.286）、母亲惩罚严厉（B=0.159）、是否为独生子女（B =-0.685）进入回归方程.结论 大庆市大学生SAD时点患病率8.89％,受多种成长环境因素影响;是否为独生子女、父亲情感温暖、过度保护、母亲惩罚严厉、生活事件的学习压力因子能够预测社交焦虑障碍发病.

Objective To know the point prevalence rate of social anxiety disorder（SAD） in Daqing University,and explore the influence factors about growth environment.Methods Data came from a large representative sample of 1878 university students,who were selected by stratified random cluster sampling methods according to the constituent ratio of students.They finished general situation questionnaire,interaction anxiety scale （IAS）,adolescent self-rating life events check list（ASLEC）,Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran（EMBU） respectively.According to the score of IAS,they were divided into 3 groups of high,mid and low.And then all of the high group,the 50% and 10% randomly of the mid and the low group respectively accepted the face-to-face interviews with 6 trained psychiatrists referred to SCID-I/P.Results Among 1878 Daqing university students,191 of them were diagnosed as SAD,with a point prevalence rate of 8.89%.The rate of rural students was higher than that in urban students（12.3% vs.8.5%,x^2 =7.966,P=0.017）,and the rate of non-only child was higher than only child （12.0% vs.9.1%,x^2 =4.055,P=0.044）.There were significant differences between SAD and No-SAD on many factors of ASLEC and EMBU.Logistic regression analysis showed that study stress in ASLEC（B=0.206）,father＇s warm （B =-0.070）,father＇ overprotection （B =0.286）,mother＇ punishment （B =0.159）,only child or not （B =-0.685） entered into regression equation.Conclusion The point prevalence rate of SAD in Daqing university students is 8.89% and influenced by several growth environmental factors.Only child or not,father＇ warm,father＇ overprotection,mother＇ punishment,study stress in ASLEC can forecast SAD occurrence.