青岛“11·22”特大事故后献血情况分析

Analysis of blood donation after Qingdao “11.22” serious accident

目的通过分析青岛＂11·22＂特大事故发生后无偿献血情况,为重大突发事件中献血者组织动员及血液筛查应急检测工作提供参考。方法分别收集事故发生前后5天青岛市无偿献血人群资料进行分析比对,事故后血液筛查结果与前期数据进行比较。结果事故发生后5 d内本站共有3 650名献血者献血,无偿献血人次大幅度上升（406.0%）,其中18~25岁人群所占比例最高（43.72%）,初次献血者比例明显增加（65.51%）,献血者身份以学生为绝对主力（31.48%）。3 650名献血者中,ALT不合格42例,HBsAg反应性13例,抗-HCV反应性9例,与前期比较不合格率均有所升高;梅毒螺旋体抗体反应性8例,HIVAg/Ab反应性1例,不合格率较前期比例降低。NAT反应性10例,其中固定献血者中NAT反应性比例最低（0.131%）。结论突发事件中献血者增加最多的为初次献血者,18~35岁人群成为献血主力军,学生和固定献血者群体病毒感染比例低,在危急情况下可以将其作为进行快速筛查的首选对象。

Objective To provide reference data of the donation mobilization and blood screening after emergency occur- rences,by analyzing the situation of blood donation after Qingdao ＂ 11.22＂ serious accident. Methods The donation data within 5 days before and after the accident in Qingdao city was collected, analyzed and compared. The screening results after the accident was analyzed and compared with the data collected before the accident. Results There were 3 650 people who participated in blood donation at Qingdao Blood Center within 5 days after the accident. Comparing with the prior data before the accident, the number of blood donors increased significantly （406.0%）, of which the highest proportion was young donors whose ages were among 18 to 25 year-old （43.72%）. The percentage of first time donors increased obviously （65.51%）. The student was the absolute majority in blood donors （31.48%）. There were 13 cases of HBsAg,9 cases of anti-HCV and 42 cases of ALT in 3 650 blood donors found to be unqualified. There were 8 cases of Trepanema pallidum antibody reactivi- ty,1 case of HIV Ag/Ab reactivity. Also,there were 10 cases of NAT yielded specimens. The proportion of repeat donors has the lowest rate of NAT reactivity （0. 131% ）. Conclusion In the circumstance of emergencies, the number of first time do- nors increased as the most significant proportion. The young donors who are 18 to 35 year-old became the main force of dona- tion. The percentage of virus infection among students and repeat donors is relatively lower in the blood donors group, which can be used as preferred objects for rapid screening in the emergency cases.