行为安全“2-4”模型的扩充版

Extended version of behavior-based accident causation “2-4” model

现有的行为安全"2-4"模型已能够精确定位事故"管理漏洞"原因的具体位置和内容,但由于未考虑事故发生内、外部组织因素的影响,因此尚不能全面揭示事故发生的原因。以行为安全"2-4"模型为基础,提出了包含几类影响因素在内的扩充版行为安全"2-4"模型,并应用该模型对国家标准给出的事故原因进行了重新归类,将事故责任者进行了科学定义与分类,同时基于该模型得到了事故预防线路图。研究得到的扩充版行为安全"2-4"模型增加了"内部影响链"和"外部影响链",这两条链中的动作发出者会通过确定的路线来影响事故的发生;应用该模型将国家标准给出的12种事故原因归为直接、间接、根本、内部影响以及外部影响原因;按照事故的责任与原因相对应原则,将事故责任者分为直接、间接、主要、内部影响以及外部影响责任者5类;将该模型中的事故、损失等不安全方面分别改为安全业绩、收益等安全方面后得到了事故预防图,可为事故预防提供借鉴。

Although behavior-based accident causation ＂2-4＂model can locate and confirm the content of ＂management loopholes＂accurately,it can not reveal the complete causes of accident,because of its ignorance of the influence of the factors of internal and external organization. Based on behavior-based accident causation ＂2-4＂model,the extended version of behavior-based accident causation ＂2-4＂model,including those influencing factors,was proposed.The extended model was applied to reclassify the cause of accident presented by State Standard,and to define and divide accident responsible persons scientifically in this paper. The accident preventative figure was got at the same time from a little modification to the extended model. After research,the extended model is added with ＂internal influence chains＂and ＂external influence chains＂,where the accident triggers will bring some effect to the accident through some certain routes. The twelve causes of accident presented by State Standard can be classified as direct,indirect,root,internal and external causes in accordance with the extended model. In the meantime,according to the principle of ＂accident liability corresponding to accident cause＂,the accident responsible person can be classified as direct,indirect,primary,internal and external influence accident responsible persons. If accident,loss and unsafe parts in the extended model are transformed into safety performance,profit and safe parts respectively,the accident preventativefigure will be generated and reference to accident prevention is provided.