煤矿塌陷区不同复垦年限土壤颗粒组成分形特征

Characteristics of soil particles fractal dimension under different reclamation years in coal mining subsidence

土壤的颗粒组成在某种程度上决定了土壤的结构和性质,为探究不同复垦年限下土壤理化性质的变化规律,以土壤颗粒分形理论为基础,选取邹城市典型采煤塌陷地作为研究对象,统计分析了煤矿塌陷区土壤颗粒分形特征及其与土壤不同粒径含量和土壤养分状况间的关系。结果表明:①随复垦年限增加,土壤理化性质变好,土壤颗粒分形维数增大。②在垂直剖面尺度上,土壤颗粒分形维数与黏粒、粉粒、密度、有机质含量呈极显著正相关关系(p<0.01),而与砂粒含量、孔隙度呈极显著负相关(p<0.01),与碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量相关性很小。③在时间尺度上,土壤颗粒体积分形维数与黏粒、粉粒、有机质含量、密度存在极显著正相关关系,与土壤碱解氮、速效钾、速效磷呈显著正相关,与砂粒含量、孔隙度呈极显著负相关关系。

Soil particle composition determines the structure and properties of the soil to some extent. To explore the rule of soil physical and chemical properties under different reclamation years,the author analyzed fractal characteristics of soil particles of coal mining subsidence area and its relationship with soil grain distribution and the soil nutrient condition,in a case of the typical coal mining subsidence area in the city of Zoucheng based on the fractal theory of soil particles. The results show that,with the increase of reclamation years,soil physical and chemical properties improve,and the fractal dimension of soil particles increase. On the vertical dimension,the fractal dimension of soil particles and the clay,silt,unit weight or organic matter content present a significant positive correlation（ p〈0. 01）,while the fractal dimension of soil particles has significant negative correlation（ p〈0. 01） with porosity and sand grain content and the correlation between fractal dimension and alkali-hydrolyzale nitrogen,available potassium or rapidly available phosphorus are very small. On the time scale,the fractal dimension of soil particles has a extremely significant positive correlation with clay,silt,organic matter content and unit weight,and a significant positive correlation with alkalihydrolyzale nitrogen,available potassium and rapidly available phosphorus,but there is a significant negative correlation between the fractal dimension of soil patticles and porosity or sand grain.