学龄期恶性肿瘤患儿生存质量及影响因素调查研究

Study on the quality of life of school-age children with malignant tumors and the influential factors

目的探讨学龄期恶性肿瘤患儿的生存质量及影响因素,为提高其生存质量提供依据。方法采取整群随机抽样方法,抽取2011-2012年在北京市、唐山市8家三级甲等医院内就诊的白血病等恶性肿瘤患儿240名为研究对象,应用PedsQLTM4.0儿童生存质量普适性核心量表和PedsQLTM3.0儿童癌症模块生存质量量表中文版进行调查。结果 6-8岁患儿的生理功能（37.28±11.67）、角色功能（51.72±11.43）、操作焦虑（40.24±11.51）和交流（42.32±10.57）低于9-11岁患儿（P〈0.05）;情感功能（59.43±14.53）、社会功能（54.69±12.61）、治疗焦虑（51.11±11.41）、担忧（64.19±12.49）和对外貌评价（70.14±11.67）高于9-11岁患儿（P〈0.05）。影响恶性肿瘤患儿生存质量的多元逐步回归分析显示,患儿年龄,患病时间〉2年,住院次数≥3次进入回归方程（P〈0.05）。结论 6-8岁恶性肿瘤患儿比9-11岁患儿需要更多的生理功能方面的照护,而9-11岁患儿需要更多的情感支持,住院次数的增加使学龄期恶性肿瘤患儿的生存质量下降。

Objective To investigate the quality of life of school-age children with malignant tumors and the influential factors analysis. Method A cluster random sampling method was conducted to recruit 240 children with leukemia and other malignancies in 8 first-class hospitals in Beijing and Tangshan from 2011 to 2012, and they were investigated by PedsQLTM4.0 and PedsQL^TM 3. 0. Results 6-8 year-old children＇s scores of physiological function （37.28±11.67） ,role function （51.72 ±11.43） ,operational anxiety （40.24 ± 11.51） ,Communication （42.32±10.57） were below 9- 11 year-old children （P all 〈0.05） ;while emotional function （59. 43±14.53） ,social function （54.69±12.61） ,the anxiety of treatment （51. 11±11.41） ,fear （64.19±12.49） and evaluation of appearance （70. 14±11.67） were higher than 9-11 yea-old children（P all〈0.05）. Multivariate stepwise regression analysis showed that child＇s age,disease duration〉 2 years, hospitalizations ≥ 3 times were into the regression equation （P〈0.05）. Conclusions 6-8 year-old children need more care in physiological function than 9 - 11 year-old children, while the 9- 11 year-old children need more emotional support. The increasing times of hospitalizations of children with malignant tumor reduced children＇s quality of life.