2004-2011年甘肃省新生儿死亡状况趋势分析

Neonatal mortality trends analysis in Gansu from 2004 to 2011

目的了解甘肃省2004-2011年新生儿的死亡状况及趋势,为提高甘肃省围生期保健工作,降低新生儿死亡率提供科学依据。方法通过收集甘肃省2004-2011年5岁以下儿童死亡监测点新生儿的监测数据,获得新生儿死亡率,分析其死亡率等相关因素的变化趋势。结果 2004-2011年甘肃省新生儿死亡率为9.73‰,其中城市为6.77‰,农村为15.62‰,农村新生儿死亡率明显高于城市,差异有统计学意义(χ2=20.172,P<0.05)。随着年份的增长,城市、农村及全省新生儿死亡率呈下降趋势,其下降速度分别为9.40%,11.77%,10.36%。2004-2011年全省早期新生儿死亡率及晚期新生儿死亡率分别为8.08‰、1.65‰。农村的早期新生儿死亡率为12.76‰,远远高于城市早期新生儿死亡率5.72‰。2004-2011年甘肃省新生儿死亡疾病前五位主要病种依次为出生窒息,早产低出生体重,出生缺陷,肺炎及感染。结论 2004-2011年甘肃省新生儿死亡率呈显著下降趋势,但仍高于全国平均水平,且新生儿死亡率城乡差距较大;出生窒息、早产低出生体重及出生缺陷位于新生儿死因前三位,应提高产科工作质量,加强围产期保健,以有效降低新生儿死亡率。

Objective To explore the condition and propose protective measures to reduce neonatal mortality trends of neonatal mortality of Gansu from 2004 to 2011 and to Method Mortality monitoring data of children under 5 years old form 2004 to 2011 were analyzed to obtain neonatal mortality trends. Results The neonatal mortality of 2004-2011 was 9.73‰. The rates in rural area（15.62‰） was significantly higher than that in urban area（6.77‰） （ x^2 =20. 172,P（ 0.05）. Compared to 2004, the neonatal mortality of urban, rural area and the total province decreased by 9.40 %, 11.77 % and 10.36% ,respectively. The mortality of neonatal and post-neonatal was 8.08‰ and 1.65‰, respectively. The neonatal mortality in rural area（12. 76‰） was significantly higher than that in urban area（5. 72‰）. The main causes of neonatal death were newborn asphyxia, premature birth, low birth weight, birth defects, pneumonia and infection. Conclusions The neonatal mortality was significantly decreased, but still higher than the national average. The rates showed difference between urban and rural area. The quality of obstetric work and perinatal care should be improved to reduce the neonatal mortality.