基于图像的经纬仪测量目标快速瞄准技术

Image based Technology on Automatic Targets Directing by Theodolite

电子经纬仪是一种高精度的测角仪器,由多台高精度电子经纬仪构成的测量系统可以实现三维坐标测量,用于对大型工业产品的几何检测。但经纬仪在测量过程中仍然需要人工瞄准目标,存在速度慢、效率低、人为因素影响大等不足。实现经纬仪自动照准目标功能将是一个新的发展方向。提出一种基于图像的自动瞄准技术,通过在经纬仪上安装一台相机获取待测目标点的图像,利用图形目标识别技术获取目标点图像坐标,依据相机与经纬仪的空间关系可以获得各目标点相对于经纬仪的初始角度,从而实现目标点的快速概略定位,理论推导及实验证明本方法能够准确有效的获得目标点的概略位置。

Due to high accuracy of electronic theodolite,multi-theodolites based industrial measurement systems are widely used for geometric detection of large-scale industrial products. However,theodolites can＇t direct and recognize targets automatically,it exists the defects of inefficiency,Low accuracy etc. Automatic targets directing and recognizing（ATDR） will be a new direction for the next generation theodolites. A novel technology is presented here to settle for targets approximate positioning. A camera is mounted on the theodolite,then they are calibrated for the mutual coordinate systems parameter,before measurement,targets image captured,when the image coordinates of the targets are known by image characteristic recognizing technology,direction data of all the targets can be calculated. Theoretical derivation and experiments show that the presented method is effective to get the targets＇ approximate position.