摘要
为寻求日光温室番茄优质高效的灌溉制度,采用设置于温室番茄冠层齐平位置的水面蒸发测定装置,设计3种基于水面蒸发量的灌水间隔水平和4种灌水量水平组合处理,依据小区试验观测结果,分析确定了以番茄产量、水分利用率、单果重、可溶性固形物质量分数及果实硬度等5项指标为主的节水调质灌溉制度评价体系;在采用变异系数法确定出各指标权重的基础上,借鉴TOPSIS综合评价方法,建立了温室番茄节水、优质、高产相统一的综合评价模型,应用该模型确定基于水面蒸发量的温室番茄节水调质灌溉制度,即当累积水面蒸发量E_(pan)达到10mm±2mm时进行灌溉,灌水量为0.9E_(pan),在产量不降低的情况下,提高了水分利用率,并在一定程度上提高了果实的营养品质和储运品质.
This study was conducted to find an irrigation scheme for greenhouse grown tomato with high quality and efficiency based on evaporation determination from a 20 cm standard diameter pan placed above the crop canopy.Three irrigation intervals based on accumulate pan evaporation（Epan） values and four irrigation level combination treatments were designed.By means of results of plot experiment in greenhouse,the evaluation system of irrigation scheme with water saving and good quality for greenhouse grown tomato was determined by five main indexes such as tomato yield,water use efficiency,mean fruit weight,content of soluble solids and fruit firmness.Based on the weight of each index calculated by variation coefficient method,a comprehensive evaluation model with high quality,yield and efficiency was further established with TOPSIS method.Using the evaluation model,irrigation scheme with water saving and good quality was determined based on pan evaporation.Irrigation was occurred when Epan reached 10 mm ± 2 mm with 0.9 Epan irrigation water applied,which could improve water utilization efficiency,fruit nutritional and storage quality in some certain extent without yield reduction.
出处
《排灌机械工程学报》
EI
北大核心
2014年第6期529-534,540,共7页
Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering
基金
国家863计划项目(2011AA100509
2011AA100502)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51009140)
