民用航空器上不循规旅客处罚比较研究

Comparative Study on the Punishment of Unruly Passenger on board Civil Aircraft

国际和中国国内立法的滞后导致不循规旅客不能得到应有的处罚,并因此使不循规旅客呈上升趋势,危害了民用航空的安全。国际民用航空组织虽然启动了专门工作,颁布了《第288号通告》、制定了《关于航空器上实施的某些罪行的示范法》,但收效不大。美国、英国和韩国的国内立法从管辖权、不循规行为构成和惩罚措施三个方面响应了国际民用航空组织的号召,形成了共性规律。中国有关不循规旅客处罚的法律体系已经基本健全,特别是针对不循规行为构成的清单式列举,但在管辖权和惩罚措施方面还需完善,以便应对《东京公约》的现代化进程和要求,有效处罚不循规旅客,维护航空安全。

The unruly /disruptive passengers are not properly punished because of the lag of legislation at international and domestic level. In order to curb the rising number of unruly passengers and the threat to the security of aviation, ICAO launched a special project which issued the Circular 288 and Model Legislation on Certain Offence Committed on Board Civil Aircraft,but the mission was not well accomplished. The legislation experience in US,UK and ROK proved that successful legislation on the unruly passenger punishment must be well drafted in the following three aspects： jurisdiction,list of offences and penalties for combating the problems. The legal system combating unruly passengers in China is almost suitable to fulfill its role,especially with the list of offences. To meet the need of modernization of Tokyo Convention and to maintain the aviation security in China,more coordinated legislation work concerning the jurisdiction and punishment of the unruly passengers must be conducted.