两岸高中历史教科书中的“美国”形象比较——以“南一版”和“人教版”为例

“American” Image Comparison between the Cross-Strait High School History Textbooks——Based on Two Editions of“Nanyi Ban”and“PEP”

两岸青年的认同问题一直是台湾研究的热点。高中历史教科书是塑造青年学生历史记忆的重要载体,影响着青年学生的政治认同和文化取向。在两岸关系问题上,美国一直扮演着重要的角色。受意识形态、政治立场等影响,两岸历史教科书所呈现的美国形象有很大的差异,编撰者甚至对同一历史事件有着大相径庭的表述,从而造成两岸青年学生对美国有着不同的文化认知和情感取向。本文通过对大陆"人教版"和台湾"南一版"历史教科书中有关"美国"形象的比较,指出其差异以及这种差异阐释所造成的影响。

The identity issue of the cross-Strait youth has always been a hot one for research by people in Taiwan. High school history textbooks are regarded as an important carrier for the shape of the historical memory of the young students, and at the same time, affect their political identity and cultural orientation in one way or another. There exists great difference in the textbooks between the two sides due to the influence of the ideology, political stance and other factors. Compilers have even given very different interpretations for the same historical events, resulting in the different cultural cognition and emotional ori- entation held by the cross-Strait young students to the United States. This paper aims to find out the differences and furthermore makes a detailed analysis of the influence they have exerted through the comparison of the ＂American＂ image between the two different editions of the history textbooks： the ＂PEP＂ compiled in the mainland and the ＂Nanyi Ban＂ in Taiwan.