初中生对普高和中职的需求调查及政策启示

Investigation on the Dem and of Junior School Students for the Ordinary High School and Secondary Vocational School and its Policy Implications

本文采用田野调查和问卷调查的方法,对初中毕业生和初中在校生的教育需求进行了研究。研究发现:初中毕业生和初中在校生对普高的需求高涨而对中职的需求低迷,导致初中毕业生和在校生对中职需求不高的原因是多方面的。因此,应适当提高普高的比例以更好满足受教育者的教育需求;规范中职招生程序以减少各种腐败行为;不断提高中职教育质量以提高其吸引力;优化对高中段学生的财政补助方式以促进教育公平和社会公平。

Through the field work and the questionnaire, this article investigates education demand of the junior school students. The investigation shows that the demand for the ordinary high school is higher than that of the secondary vocational school. The reason why the students prefer the ordinary high school is that only half of the junior school students can attend the ordinary high school because of the policy concerning the high school enrollment. Therefore, the proposals based on the investigation are that more junior school students should be given the opportunity to study in ordinary high school, the procedure of recruiting students should be regulated to aviod the malversation, the teaching quality of secondary vocalional school should be improved to attract the students, and financial aid model for senior high school students should be optimized to promote educational equality and social justice.