高职院校分类考试改革:理论、经验与对策

Classified Examination Reform of Higher Vocational Colleges: Theory,Experiences and Countermeasures

国家明确提出加快推进高职院校分类考试改革。国际教育标准分类理论为高职院校分类考试改革提供了理论依据,普通高等教育主要培养学术型、工程型人才,高等职业教育则主要培养高级技术型、技能型人才。福建省大胆探索高职院校分类考试改革,提供了有益的借鉴。但高职院校分类考试依然存在科目设置、招生计划安排以及自主测试公平性等难题。建议将独立学院、民办本科院校纳入高职院校分类考试体系中;考试科目与内容增加职业技能测试比重;加强高职院校招生计划管理力度;高职院校招生全部实行按专业平行志愿投档录取模式。

The state explicitly requires to push the classified examination reform of higher vocational colleges. ISCED provides theoretical basis for the reform, and regular higher education mainly trains academic and engineering talents, while higher vocational education mainly trains senior technical and skilled talents. Fujian boldly carries out the classified examination reform of higher vocational colleges and provides useful reference. Nevertheless, there exist many problems in the aspects of subjects setting, distribution and the fairness of independent examination. The article puts forward such suggestions as follows： incorporating independent colleges and private universities nevertheless into the classified examination system of higher vocational colleges, increasing the proportion of occupation skill testing in examination content, strengthening the management of enrollment plan of higher vocational colleges admissions, enrolling students by parallel major application.