高粱浅绿叶突变体sll1的农艺性状和生理生化特性

Agronomic Traits and Physiological-Biochemical Characteristics of LightGreen Leaf Mutant sll1 of Sorghum bicolor

通过EMS诱变野生型高粱BTx623种子获得浅绿叶突变体sll1（Sorghum Light-green Leaf 1）。以野生型BTx623为对照,进行成熟期农艺性状调查和苗期生理生化指标测定。结果表明,突变体sll1茎粗和穗柄长与BTx623相比没有显著差异,而株高、穗长、粒数和千粒重均低于BTx623,存在极显著差异,且抽穗期延迟15-20 d。苗期叶片叶绿素测定结果显示,突变体sll1叶绿素a、叶绿素b和总叶绿素含量均极显著低于BTx623,其中叶绿素b含量只有野生型的1/10,推测该突变体是叶绿素b减少型突变体。突变体sll1蛋白总量显著低于BTx623,但脯氨酸含量以及超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶活性均极显著高于BTx623,说明突变体sll1具有较强的渗透调节能力和清除活性氧的能力以维持自身正常生长。

A sorghum light-green leaf mutant, slll, was isolated by EMS treating BTx623 seeds. The agronomic traits were surveyed in mature period and the physiological-biochemical characteristics were studied in seedling stage between the wild type BTx623 and slll. Compared with BTx623, the stem diameter and spike stem length were no significant difference in slll. However, the plant height, spike length, grain yield and 1 000-grain weight of slll were significantly lower than those in BTx623. In addition, the heading date delayed 15-20 days. The contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll of mutant slll were extremely lower than those in BTx623, especially the content of chlorophyll b （1/10）. So, slll mutant was presumed the chlorophyll b reduction mutant. Although the protein content ofslll was obviously lower than that in BTx623, the proline content and the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT） of sll1 were significantly higher than those in BTx623, indicating that the mutant slll had the strong abilities to adjust osmosis and scavenge active oxygen in order to maintain their normal growth.