压疮小组在临床压疮管理中的运行及效果

Operation of Pressure Ulcers Group and its Effect on Clinical Management of Pressure Ulcers

目的探讨压疮小组在临床压疮管理中的运行及效果。方法以压疮小组成立前2011年的压疮高危和院外带入压疮患者共145例为A组,采用传统防治压疮的方法;以压疮小组成立后2012年的压疮高危和院外带入压疮患者共199例为B组和2013年的压疮高危和院外带入压疮患者共380例为C组,由压疮小组制定压疮预防与治疗方案并监督实施;各护理单元推荐1名临床护士作为科室压疮督导员,共30人,成立压疮小组后进行统一培训与管理。比较压疮小组成立前后患者住院期间难免压疮发生率、院外带入压疮治愈率及压疮督导员的压疮相关知识水平。结果 A、B、C组难免压疮发生率分别为76.20%、17.02%、14.61%,带入压疮治愈率分别为54.84%、86.84%、87.97%,B、C组与A组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。护士压疮相关知识水平明显提高(P<0.001)。结论成立压疮小组使临床压疮管理更具科学性和客观性,能有效降低压疮发生,提高护理质量,保障患者安全。

Objective To investigate the operation and effect of pressure ulcers group （PUG） on the procedure of clinical management of pressure ulcers. Methods The in-hospital patients with high-risk pressure ulcers and patients with pressure ulcers from outside of the hospital （n=145） before the founding of PUG in 2011 were regarded as group A, and patients in this group were treated by traditional therapies. After PUG was founded in our hospital in January 2012, 192 patients with high-risk pressure ulcers and from outside of the hospital in 2012 were considered as group B. In addition, group C contained 380 patients treated in 2013. Group B and C were both treated by PUG that developed a management system of pressure ulcers and took active measures to control and prevent pressure ulcers. PUG trained 30 clinical nurse supervisors, who were recommended from relevant clinical departments. The incidence of inevitable pressure ulcer of hospitalized patients, the cure rate of patients with pressure ulcers from outside of the hospital, pressure ulcer knowledge level of clinical nurse supervisors were comparatively analyzed between group A and B, and between group A and C, respectively. Results After the establishment of PUG, the incidence of inevitable pressure ulcer of hospitalized patients in group A, B, and C was 76.20%, 17.02%, and 14.61%, respectively. The cure rate of patients from outside of the hospital was 54.84%, 86.84%, and 87.97%, respectively. Differences between group A and B, and between group A and C both were significant （P 〈 0.01）. The pressure ulcer knowledge level of all nurse supervisors improved significantly （P 〈 0.001）. Conclusions The establishment of PUG makes the clinical pressure ulcer management more scientific and objective. Furthermore, it can effectively reduce the incidence of pressure ulcers, and also improve the quality of medical care and ensure the safety of patients.