机械性踝关节不稳与功能性踝关节不稳患者平衡控制能力的差异

Differences of balance control ability of patients with functional and mechanical ankle instability

目的观察机械性踝关节不稳(MAI)患者与功能性踝关节不稳(FAI)患者的平衡控制能力。方法选取MAI患者(MAI组,n=12)、FAI患者(FAI组,n=12)和正常对照者(对照组,n=12)作为研究对象。分别在睁眼和闭眼的情况下,对每例受试者进行单腿站立时的平衡能力测试,记录压力中心(COP)位移相关参数,每次站立时间为10 s,分别测量3次。测量指标包括前后平均摆幅(MSY)、左右平均摆幅(MSX)、外周面积(CA)、轨迹长(PL)、单位时间轨迹长(UTPL)以及单位面积轨迹长(UAPL)。结果三组受试者性别构成、年龄、身高和体质量的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在闭眼时,MAI组患侧单腿站立时MSY、CA、PL、UTPL均明显高于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01);FAI组各项测量指标与对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在睁眼时,MAI组与对照组MSY和CA的差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在MAI和FAI组内,患侧肢体单腿站立时与对侧肢体单腿站立时各项测量指标的差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 MAI患者存在明显的平衡控制能力异常,这种异常在双侧下肢均存在。FAI患者无明显的平衡控制能力异常。

Objective To observe the balance control ability of patients with mechanical ankle instability （MAI） and functional ankle instability （FAI）. Methods Patients with MAI （the MAI group, n=12） and FAI （the FAI group, n =12） and normal controls （the control group, n =12） were selected. Single-limb postural sway tests were performed for all participants with eyes dosed and opened. Three tests were performed for each leg and each test lasted for 10 s. Parameters relevant to displacements from the center of pressure （COP） were measured, including mensway Y axis （MSY）, mensway X axis （MSX）, circumference area （CA）, path length （PL）, unit time path length （UTPL）, and unit area path length （UAPL）. Results The difference of age, sex, height, and weight of three groups were not statistically significant （P〉0. 05）. The MSY, CA, PL, and UTPL values of the MAI group with eyes closed were significantly higher than those of the control group （P〈0. 05 or P〈0. 01）. The differences of each measurement index of the FAI group and control group were not statistically significant （P 〉0.05）. The differences of MSY and CA of the MAI group and control group with eyes opened were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05）. The differences of each measurement index of unstable ankles and stable ankles of the MA/group and FAI group were not statistically significant （P〉O. 05）. Conclusion Significant abnormal balance control ability exists in patients with MAI, while no significant abnormal balance control ability exists in patients with FAI.