基于三参数小波变换的地震瞬时属性计算方法及应用

Method and application of instantaneous attributes analysis based on three-parameter wavelet transform

为提高地震瞬时属性的计算精度,针对薄层反射地震信号含有快速变化的振幅和频率分量的特点,研究了新的分析小波即三参数小波,基于三参数小波变换,提出了在相空间计算地震瞬时属性的方法。三参数小波有三个可调参数,对信号做小波分析时有很高的自由度,能够很好地匹配地震子波或给定的有效信号,三参数小波与BMSW小波或其他小波相比,具有更好的时域局部化性质。实际地震资料的应用效果表明,三参数小波变换地震瞬时属性比Hilbert变换瞬时属性有更高的信噪比和分辨率,基于三参数小波变换的地震瞬时属性分析方法是识别薄层砂体的有效手段。

To improve the accuracy of the calculation of seismic instantaneous attributes,a new type of analyzing wavelet called three-parameter wavelet has been studied in allusion to the characteristics of seismic signal containing the rapidly changing am-plitude and frequency components caused by a thin layer.Based on the three-parameter wavelet transform an instantaneous at-tributes calculation method in the phase space has been proposed.The three-parameter wavelet is of three adjustable parame-ters.The wavelet analysis of a certain signals can be done with a high degree of freedom with this method.Three-parameter wavelet can be a good match to the seismic wavelet or a given signal.Three-parameter wavelet performs better on time-do-main localization than BMSW wavelet or the others do.Seismic data examples illustrate that the instantaneous attributes calcu-lated by three-parameter wavelet transform have higher signal to noise ratio and resolution than that derived from the Hilbert transform.The method of seismic instantaneous attributes analysis based on three- parameter wavelet transform is an effective means to identify thin-layer sandstone.