美国垄断致害赔偿责任之构成要件及对我国司法实践的启示

A Study on the Elements of Compensation Responsibility for the Damage Caused by Monopoly in USA and Its Enlightenment to China's Judicial Practice

一般情况下,当我们讨论侵权责任问题时,多以大陆法系的典型国家为参照物,但事实上,不论是大陆法系的法国或德国,还是本文研究之英美法系国家美国,哪怕彼此的法律传统不同,就侵权责任上仍然是在相似的机理支撑下发展的,即都或多或少地受到了罗马法的影响。因此,对美国垄断致损赔偿责任进行"构成要件"之解析,并不是标新立异。对美国垄断致损赔偿责任中有关"行为主体、客体、主观要件和客观要件内容"的分解,是深化认识垄断致损赔偿责任的一种比较法尝试,能够给我国垄断致损赔偿民事诉讼的司法实践带来新的启迪和思路。

In general, when discussing tort liability issues, we pay much attention to practices in typical countries of continental law system as references. Despite their different legal traditions, however, both countries that follow the continental law system like France and Germany and those that follow the Anglo American law system like America share similar support mechanism in the development of tort liability. That is, they are more or less influenced by the laws of Rome. Therefore, to analyze compo- nents of compensation liability for damage caused by monopoly in USA, is not a new topic. A study of them in terms of behavior subject, object, subjective and objective elements can deepen our understanding of this system from a comparative perspective and give us new aspirations and ideas in judicial practice of compensation liability for damage caused by monopoly in China.