违约救济规则与赔偿限制比较——兼论我国实定法之规制

The Comparative Study between Remedies for Breach of Contract and limitation of Indemnity——And the Study of Positive law's Principles in China

在违约责任中,"完全赔偿原则"支配下的损害赔偿是主要的救济规则,但"完全赔偿原则"并非意味着一切损失皆得赔偿。为此,比较法上主要存在"可预见性规则""因果关系规则""直接性规则"等限制损害赔偿范围的规则。我国应坚持"可预见性规则"作为损害赔偿范围限制的规则,并进一步确定该规则中的主体标准选择问题、主观过错性问题、预见内容问题。

In breach liability, damage compensation under the principle of complete compensation is the major remedy regula- lion. However, the principle of complete compensation does not mean that all losses can be recovered. Rules in comparative law, such as foreseeable rule, causal rule, and direct rule, are to limit the scope of compensation. In practice, we should ad- here to foreseeable rule for limiting the scope of compensation, and make further definition on such issues as how to choose the standards of legal subjects, how to define subjective faults, and what contents should be predictable.