正确认识特殊医学用途配方食品

Proper understanding of the infant formula foods for special medical purposes

2010年中华人民共和国国家标准《特殊医学用途婴儿配方食品通则》的颁布明确了各种特殊配方食品的使用规范。无乳糖或低乳糖配方可作为人工喂养儿出现急性腹泻时治疗措施之一,针对此时出现的乳糖不耐受现象;母乳喂养儿可在每次母乳喂养前添加外源性乳糖酶。乳蛋白部分水解配方可作为母乳不足的补充,主要用于乳蛋白过敏治疗期间由乳蛋白深度水解配方向普通乳蛋白配方转换的过度配方。乳蛋白深度水解配方用于大多数牛乳过敏者回避牛乳期间的营养支持。氨基酸配方主要用于乳蛋白过敏的诊断和严重乳蛋白过敏者回避牛乳过敏期间的营养支持。早产/低出生体质量配方是降低早产儿宫外生长迟缓风险,帮助母乳不足早产儿/低出生体质量儿快速安全生长的配方。母乳充足时,建议在能够接受一定量母乳时在母乳中添加母乳营养补充剂,以保证早产儿生长。对先天性氨基酸代谢障碍的婴儿应该选用适宜的氨基酸代谢障碍配方。

General rules for infant formula for special medical purposes were published by National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China in 2010. Lactose-free or low lactose formula is suggested to be a part of treatment in bottle-fed infants with acute diarrhea. Lactase is suggested to be taken before each feeding in breastfeeding infants with acute diarrhea. Partial hydrolyzed formula （pHF） can be added when the breast milk is insufifcient and it is mainly used during the transition from extensively hydrolyzed formula to standard formula during allergy treatment. Extensively hydrolyzed formula should be suggested as the nutritional support during milk avoidance for most of cow’s milk allergy infants. Amino acid formula is the clinical tool to diagnose the cow’s milk allergy and provides the nutritional support to severe cow’s milk allergy infants. Although preterm/low birth weight formula can decrease the rate of the extrauterine growth retardation and sustain the fast growth of preterm babies with insufifcient breast milk, Breast-milk with fortiifer is strongly recommended as the main nutritional support to keep preterm and low birth weight infants’ growth. Infants with disorders of amino acid catabolism should choose speciifc formula.