耳部防护措施与外耳道骨疣发病的关系

The relationship between the ear protective measures and the prevalence of external auditory canal exostoses

目的：探讨冬泳时耳部防护措施与外耳道骨疣发病及其严重程度的相关性。方法：对315名冬泳爱好者进行调查,填写调查表,包括个人基本信息、耳部防护措施、冬泳时间、耳部疾病病史等,将调查表及检查结果（电耳镜）结合起来得出基本数据。根据外耳道的狭窄程度对外耳道骨疣进行分级：〈33%为重度狭窄,33%-65%为中度狭窄,66%-99%为轻度狭窄,100%为正常。根据冬泳时有无耳部防护措施将冬泳爱好者分为防护组和无防护组。结果：本组外耳道骨疣的总发病率为17.6%。在110只骨疣耳中,63.6%为轻度,23.6%为中度,12.7%为重度。冬泳时耳部无防护组,33.0%患外耳道骨疣,4.6%重度耳道狭窄;有耳部防护组,2.8%患外耳道骨疣,无重度耳道狭窄。结论：冬泳时耳部防护措施与外耳道骨疣的发病及严重程度呈负相关,即冬泳时采取耳部防护措施可以预防外耳道骨疣的发病并降低其严重程度。

Objective：To determine the relationship between the ear protective measures during winter swimming and the prevalence,severity of the incidence of external auditory canal exostoses.Method：Three hundred and fifteen people who enjoyed swimming were recruited as research subject（62.2% males and 37.8%females;age distribution：4.4%were≤40,40.3% were 41 to 60,and 55.2% were60years）.People fill in the questionnaires including personal information,the ear protection measures,the time of winter swimming,the history of ear infections and so on,and questionnaires were correlated with otoscopic findings.We classify external auditory canal exostoses according to the degree of the stenosis of external auditory canal s.Grades of normal,mild,moderate and severe corresponded to 100%,99%to66%,65%to 33%,and less than 33%respectively.Result：Of 110 ears with exostoses,63.6% were mild,23.6% were moderate,and 12.7% were severe.Among the group of without ear protection during winter swimming,about 33.0%have auditory canal exostoses and 4.6% were severely affected.In comparison,in the group that had ear protection,only2.8% had external auditory canal exostoses and no one had severely obstructed auditory canal.Conclusion：A negative association exists between the ear protection measures during winter swimming and the prevalence and severity of exostoses of the external auditory canal.That means taking ear protective measures when having winter swimming can prevent the onset of the external auditory canal exostoses and reduce its severity.