城市服务行业分布格局特征及演变趋势研究

On the Characteristics and Evolution Trends of the Distribution Pattern of Service Industries

本文分析了我国城市服务行业空间分布的特点和演变趋势,通过分析服务行业的区位基尼系数、区位商、集中率等指标,得出的主要结论是:(1)中国城市服务业,尤其是生产性服务业不断追求规模经济和集聚效应。(2)公共服务业的均等化趋势体现了城市发展的包容性。(3)中国城市服务行业集聚性或均等化特征存在显著差异。生产性服务业最具规模化和集聚化特征,集聚水平最高且呈现不断上升的趋势。生活性服务业的集聚度略低,且追随人口而布局。公共服务业呈现更加均等化趋势。(4)中国城市服务行业有明确的集聚方向。行政等级高、经济规模大的城市以及沿海城市是生产性服务业的主要集聚区。(5)中国城市服务行业发展的比较优势突出,已经形成了服务业的专业化分工格局。

This paper analyzes the characteristics and evolution trend of service industries. Through the analysis of location quotient, concentration ratio, Gini coefficient and so on, the main conclusions are as follows. （1） Service industry, especially the producer service pursues economies of scale and agglomeration effects. （2） The trend of equalization of public services reflects the inclusive development of cities. （3） Service industries have significant differences in the agglomeration or equalization characteristics. The producer services present the most significant agglomeration and trend, consumer services mainly chase the market or population and distribution, whoes concentration is lower than the producer services, and the distribution of public services are the most dispersed, showing relative equa/ization. （d） The spatial distribution and agglomeration of service industies in cities have clear directions. （5） Comparative advantage of producer and consumer services is outstanding, has formed a specialized division of labor.