网络犯罪中若干问题的界定——对两高发布的《关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》的思考

How to Define Some Conceptions about Cyber Crime:Reflections on Interpretation Issued by the Supreme People's Procuratorate and the Supreme People's Court

最高人民检察院、最高人民法院于2013年9月9日联合发布《关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》(下简称《解释》)。这一司法解释满足了当下打击网络犯罪的需要,同时也给网络犯罪的进一步研究指出了新的方向。此《解释》也引发了社会对言论自由的探讨。本文是对《解释》条文规定进行的思考,主要涉及网络犯罪的概念、利用网络实施犯罪行为的入罪标准两个大的部分。在前一部分,主要是分析网络犯罪概念广义论和狭义论,并得出《解释》支持狭义论的结论。在后一部分,主要是分析《解释》对入罪标准的界定的意义以及仍存在的问题,并在此基础上提出了一些完善建议。

The Supreme People ＇ s court and the Supreme People＇s Procuratorate has released the Judi- cial Interpretation about the Cases of Implementation of Fraud Crime or Similar Cases by Using the Internet （the following will refer to it as Interpretation）. This judicial Interpretation is conducive to reducing Cyber crime, and can be used as the direction for the academic research about Cyber crime. Nevertheless, Interpretation has also brought about the discussion about the freedom of speech. This papers focuses on the regulations in the Interpretation, discusses about the conception of Cyber crime and the criteria for Cyber crime. In other words, it analyzes the generalized theory and the specific theory of Cyber crime, and arrives at the conclusion that the Interpretation supports the latter. In ad- dition, it analyzes the significance of the criteria for Cyber crime and the relevant problems to be solved, and based on the above analysis, proposes some suggestions on how to improve the criteria.