发展人类学视野下的西南山区稻作农业困境

THE DILEMMAS OF THE PADDY PLANTING IN THE MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF SOUTHWEST CHINA IN THE PERSPECTIVE OF DEVELOPMENT ANTHROPOLOGY

稻作是我国西南山区农业发展成败的关键。改种粘稻杂交稻冲击当地少数民族传统糯稻生计模式,导致了山区农业危机并波及自然生态和社会文化领域。实践困境呼唤理论突破,反思该项改种政策需超越现有主流视角,而发展人类学范式的引入是一个必要而有益的尝试。将发展措施置于具体的文化情境中来审视,使可持续和共赢的农业发展新道路成为可能,并有利于民族文化的保护与传承。

Paddy planting is the key factor of the successful agricultural development in the mountain- ous areas of Yunnan, Guangxi and Guizhou. The policy of ＂from glutinous rice to non - glutinous hybrid rice＂ has created impacts on the traditional mode of subsistence, and led to the crisis of agriculture in these areas and affected such fields as the ecosystem, society and culture. The dilemmas of practice requires reflection of the policy and the breakthrough in theory. Introduction of the paradigm of development anthropology which examines development solutions under the specific cultural context could be a necessary and helpful attempt for the sustainable development of local agriculture and the inheritance of traditional cultures.