唐代的化外与化内

“Huanei ”and“Huawai” in the Tang Dynasty

唐律化外、化内的区分应以政治归属来判断,化内包括内地与归属唐的周边蕃夷地区,是唐的疆域所在。化内、化外为唐帝国的境内与境外,相当于现代法律意义上的国内与国外。唐律引入化外概念对文化版图与政治版图做出区分;引入化内概念,则是从国家主权意义上赋予多民族国家——唐帝国或中国以一个具体的范畴。

Huawai(化 外 foreign areas)and Huanei(化 内 domestic areas)in Tang Code can be distinguished from each other on the basis of political territory.Huanei areas cover the inland regions and the surrounding barbarian states under Tang's jurisdiction,which was within Tang's territory.Huanei and Huawai,therefore,refer to areas within and outside the borders of the Tang empire respectively,corresponding to'domestic'and'foreign'in modern laws.By introducing the concept of Huawai,the Tang Code distinguishes Tang's political territory from its sphere of cultural influence;while the concept Huanei gives the multi-ethnic Tang empire or China a definite scope in the sense of national sovereignty.