菊酯类农药残留在武夷岩茶加工过程中的降解研究初报

A Preliminary Study on the Degradation of Pyrethroid Pesticide in the Processing of Wuyi Rock Tea

以肉桂、水仙、白鸡冠、铁罗汉和水金龟5个武夷岩茶品种（名枞）为试验材料，将5种菊酯类农药（联苯菊酯、甲氰菊酯、氯菊酯、氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯）喷施于茶树，一周后对鲜叶进行采摘，一部分烘干固样，另一部分按武夷岩茶制作工艺加工成干茶。通过气相色谱技术，检测分析鲜叶、成茶的农药残留量。结果表明：联苯菊酯的降解率在13.02%～54.33%，甲氰菊酯的降解率在17.12%～100%，氯菊酯的降解率在17.57%～18.09%，氯氰菊酯的降解率在22.93%～87.23%，溴氰菊酯的降解率在27.33%～100%。不同菊酯类农药在不同品种的武夷岩茶加工过程中的降解率存在一定的差异，其中，水金龟的降解率最大。

In the present work, 5 tea cultivars（Camellia sinensis （L.） O. Kuntze cv）, including Rougui, Shuixian, Baijiguan, Tieluohan and Shuijingui, were employed to study the degradations of 5 pyrethroid pesticides （bifenthrin, fenpropathrin, permethrin, cypermethrin and deltamethrin） in the processing of Wuyi rock tea. After foliar spray on 5 tea cultivars for one week, the pesticide residues of 5 pyrethroids in pre-and post-processing fresh leaves were determined by gas chromatography. The degradation rates of 5 pyrethroids in the processing of Wuyi rock tea were summarized as follows： bifenthrin by 13.02%-54.33%, fenpropathrin by 17.12%-100%, permethrin by 17.57%-18.09%, cypermethrin by 22.93%-87.23%, deltamethrin by 27.33%-100%. There was a difference in the degradations of 5 pyrethroids in the processing of Wuyi rock tea, and Shuijingui exhibited the first-class degradation effects in 5 tea cultivars.