大黄鱼消化系统的组织学和组织化学研究

Histological and Histochemistrical Study on Digestive System of Pseudosciaena crocea Riciardson

为探讨大黄鱼消化系统的结构与功能,用组织学和组织化学方法对各主要消化器官进行了研究.胃前段粘膜上皮由柱状细胞和粘液细胞组成;胃中后段粘膜上皮仅有柱状细胞,固有层含有发达的胃腺,胃腺上皮由Ⅰ型和Ⅱ型细胞构成.幽门盲囊与肠粘膜形成发达的皱襞和绒毛,粘膜上皮由柱状细胞和粘液细胞组成.胰腺为弥散性腺体.胃中后段粘膜柱状细胞呈现脂酶和非特异性酯酶活性;胃前段粘膜粘液细胞及胃腺Ⅰ型细胞分泌中性和酸性混合粘液,胃腺Ⅱ型细胞呈现强蛋白酶活性.幽门盲囊与肠粘膜粘液细胞分泌酸性粘液,柱状细胞呈现蛋白酶、脂酶和非特异性酯酶活性,其游离端质膜和胞质还分别具有碱性磷酸酶和酸性磷酸酶活性.肝细胞和胰腺细胞呈现非特异性酯酶和弱蛋白酶活性,肝细胞还贮存糖原.

To investigate structure and function of digestive system of Pseudosciaena crocea Riciardson, main digestive organs are studied with histological and histochemistrical methods. The epithelium consists of columnar cells and mucous cells in the anterior stomach, but only columnar cells in the middle and posterior stomach. There is de- veloped gastric gland in the lamina propria of the middle and posterior stomach, and the gland epithelium is made up of type I and type Ⅱ cells. In the pyloric caecum and the intestine, mucosa forms developed folds and villi, and their epithelium consists of columnar cells and mucous cells. Pancreas is a disperse gland. The columnar cells of the middle and posterior stomach show activity of lipase and non-specific esterase. The mucous cells of the ante- rior stomach and the type ｜ cells of the gastric gland secrete neutral and acid mucous. The type II cells show strong activity of proteinase. In the pyloric caecum and the intestine, the mucous cells secrete acid mucous, and the columnar cells show activity of proteinase, lipase, non-specific esterase, alkaline phosphatase and acid phos- phatase. The hepatocytes and the pancreatic cells show activity of non-specific esterase and weak proteinase, and the former stores glycogen also.