中国(上海)自由贸易试验区知识产权保护研究

Intellectual Property Protection in China(Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone

中国(上海)自由贸易试验区的建立对推进国内改革与世界市场开放具有里程碑式的意义。我国的自由贸易试验区属于自由贸易园区(FTZ),不同于自由贸易协定下的自由贸易区(FTA),也不同于传统保税区,具有"境内关外"和"一线放开、二线管住"的特征。自由贸易试验区的贸易便利化举措必然使其成为知识产权侵权避风港的可能性急剧上升。但由于相应制度的缺失和认识的偏差,自由贸易试验区可能成为知识产权海关执法的模糊区甚至空白区,同时我国目前的知识产权保护体系与自由贸易试验区寻求的便捷、高效的知识产权市场监管模式和纠纷解决机制相距甚远。从相关国际条约的立法和国内外自由贸易园区的实践来看,在自由贸易园区内实施更加严格的知识产权保护是现在和未来国际知识产权保护的必然趋势。因此,在自由贸易试验区内应加强知识产权海关保护、建立知识产权市场监管体系、完善知识产权纠纷解决机制。

China（Shanghai） Pilot Free Trade Zone marks a major milestone in the nation＇s commitment to forge ahead with domestic reforms and wider opening to world markets. The Pilot Free Trade Zone of our country belongs to Free Trade Zone（FTZ）, which is different from the Free Trade Area（FTA） stipulated in the Free Trade Agreement and is also different from the traditional bonded area. Features of the Pilot Free Trade Zone are ＂outside the Customs territory＂ and ＂first-line completely liberalized, safely and efficiently manage to second-line＂. Trade facilitation measures in Zone will inevitably lead to high possibility of infringement of Intellectual Property. However, the Pilot Free Trade Zone may be vague in, even totally beyond the Customs enforcement of Intellectual Property because of the lack of regulation and misunderstanding of the Zone. Meanwhile, the traditional Intellectual Property Protection System may be far from the convenient and efficient market supervision and dispute resolution which the FTZ are seeking for. According to the legislation of relevant international treaties and the practice of the free trade zones at home and abroad, it is a trend of international protection of Intellectual Property to implement stricter protection of Intellectual Property in Free Trade Zones. Thus, it is recommended to strengthen the Customs protection, establish Market Regulatory System and improve the Dispute Resolution Mechanism of Intellectual Property in Pilot Free Trade Zone.