离婚救济的实践隐忧与功能建构

Practical Worries and Functional Construction of Divorce Relief

离婚救济制度的体系建构,完成于2001年《婚姻法》修正案。在十余年的司法实践中,离婚救济显现出实践隐忧——适用比例较低、救济数额较低、救济主体多为女性。引发上述救济掣肘的原因包括:传统文化的影响、社会性别的差异和制度设计的局限。为提升离婚救济制度的适用功能,需要在超越公与私二元对立格局以及以性别为基础的社会性别建构的基础上,完善离婚救济制度的适用基础,弘扬离婚救济制度的正义价值。因为,离婚救济,是平衡社会财富的背景性的制度安排;是实现矫正正义的系统性的制度设计;是承担社会责任的伦理性的制度选择。

The construction of divorce relief system was completed by the system design,promulgation and implementation of Marriage Law of PRC（2001 Amendment）. In more than ten years of judicial practice,divorce relief has revealed the following practical worries： comparatively low application proportion; comparatively low relief sum; and the principal relief subjects being females. The factors inducing the said relief obstacles include the following： the impacts of traditional culture,the differences of social gender,and the limitation of system design. In order to improve the application functions of divorce relief system,we shall,on the basis of transcending the duality structure of the private and the public and the social gender construction based on genders,perfect the application foundation of divorce relief system,and uphold the justice values of divorce relief system. In that,divorce relief is,the contextual system assignment balancing social wealth; the systematic system design achieving corrective justice; and the ethical system choice undertaking social responsibility.