环境激素邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯对家蚕生殖的影响

Effects of environmental hormone butyl benzyl phthalate on the genital development of silkworm

为了探讨环境激素邻苯二甲酸丁基苄酯(Butyl Benzyl Phthalate,BBP)对家蚕(Bombyx mori)等鳞翅目昆虫的生殖损伤,家蚕饲以不同浓度BBP喷洒后的桑叶,调查了BBP对家蚕造卵、产卵等生殖机能的影响。结果表明:BBP影响家蚕的体重增加、存活率及产卵特性,随着BBP浓度的增加,影响逐渐加大,1.6 mmol/L添食5龄起蚕时,造卵数及产卵数仅为对照的56.1%和51.4%,对受精及孵化等的影响具有相同变化趋势,只是对雄性的影响大于雌性;不同时期的添食结果表明,BBP对家蚕生殖的影响:3龄起蚕>4龄起蚕>5龄起蚕,0.16 mmol/L添食时,造卵数及产卵数分别只有对照区的57.5%、66.3%、97.6%及58.7%、74.1%、96.0%;BBP添食对存活下来的个体的下一代的茧质几乎没有影响。由以上结果表明:BBP对家蚕的生殖具有明显的毒害作用,BBP添食浓度越高,接触时间越早,在蚕体内积累越多,产生的生殖毒性就越大,而且这种毒性雄性大于雌性。

This study aims to determine the effects of the environmental hormone butyl benzyl phthalate （BBP） on the genital development of the silkworm Bombyx mori. Larvae were fed with different concentrations of BBP at different developmental stages. The numbers of mature eggs produced and laid were recorded, and the genital development was observed. The body weight, survival rate, and egg production were greatly influenced by BBP concentration. In newly molted fifth larva fed with 1.6 mmol/L BBP, 56.1% and 51.4% of mature eggs were produced and laid, respectively, as compared with the controls. The fertilization rate and hatchability of the silkworm showed similar tendencies. The effects of BBP were greater on males than on females. The effects of BBP on the different life stages of silkworm were arranged as follows ： newly molted third larva 〉 newly molted fourth larva 〉 newly molted fifth larva. For newly molted third, fourth, and fifth larvae fed with 0.16 mmol/L BBP, 57.5%, 63.3%, 97.6% of mature eggs were produced, respectively, and 58.7%, 74.1%, 96.0% of mature eggs were laid, respectively, as compared with the controls. No evident effects on the cocoon quality of the following generations were observed. BBP, which can accumulate in the silkworm body, has significant detrimental effects on genital development. The earlier the larvae were fed with BBP and the higher the BBP concentration, the greater the biological effects.