葡萄无核二倍体与四倍体杂交胚挽救及后代倍性分析

Embryo rescue for hybrid after crossing of seedless diploid with tetraploid and analysis of its progeny ploidy

为培育三倍体无核葡萄新品种,分别以二倍体无核葡萄品种‘Flame Seedless’、‘Sweet Scarlet’和‘无核白’为母本,以四倍体品种‘巨峰’为父本进行杂交,研究不同取样时期、不同萌发培养基和不同珠被处理方式对杂种胚成苗影响的研究,并通过流式细胞仪对杂种后代进行了三倍体类型初选。结果表明:不同时期剥取的胚珠在成苗率方面有显著差异,不同杂交组合适宜取材时期也不同,其中‘无核白’ב巨峰’为30d、‘Sweet Scarlet’ב巨峰’为35d、‘Flame Seedless’ב巨峰’为40d;在胚萌发阶段,接种在1/2MS+IAA 0.1mg/L培养基上有利促进胚萌发;直接剥取裸胚萌发较快,且能显著提高杂交胚的成苗率。经倍性分析,初步确定获得了三倍体杂种幼苗22株。

In order to obtain new seedless triploid varieties,hybridation was conducted by three diploid seedless varieties of‘Flame Seedless＇,‘Sweet Scarlet＇,and‘Thompson Seedless＇ used as mother plants and tetraploid variety of‘Kyoho＇used as father plant.The effect of sampling dates of immature embryo,culture media,and integument on embryo rescue efficiency was studied.The ploidy of the survival progeny was preliminarily determined by using Flow Cytometer.The results showed that the sampling dates had a significant effect on the seedling survival rate.The suitable dates also varied from the parent varieties,which was 30 d for‘Thompson Seedless＇,35dfor‘Sweet Scarlet＇,and 40dfor‘Flame Seedless＇.During the embryo germination stage,the embryo germinated better when inoculated on 1/2MS＋IAA 0.1mg/L medium.Removing the integument from the embryo led the embryo germinated faster and increased the seedling survival rate significantly.Twenty two progeny seedlingswere preliminarily determined as triploid by Flow Cytometer.