中国组织情境下公仆型领导有效性的追踪研究

The Effectiveness of Servant Leadership Behaviors in Chinese Organizational Context: A Longitudinal Research

公仆型领导以服务员工为导向,在本质上超越了以往任何一种以组织利益为先的领导方式。然而,国内该主题的研究还很不系统。本研究首先在中国组织情境下,采用质化研究与量化研究相结合的方式,探讨公仆型领导的结构维度,建构公仆型领导的测量量表;然后以团队及其成员为研究对象,采用追踪研究设计,收集"管理者-员工"配对数据,运用结构方程模型、多元回归分析以及多层线性模型技术进行统计分析,从而探讨公仆型领导的有效性。具体包括三个研究:(1)公仆型领导的结构与测量研究;(2)公仆型领导有效性的追踪研究——基于领导行为比较的视角(是否有效);(3)公仆型领导有效性的追踪研究——基于作用机制的视角(如何有效)。研究结果有助于澄清公仆型领导的内涵与维度结构,识别和测量公仆型领导行为,证实公仆型领导的有效性,比较公仆型领导与家长式领导、变革型领导的影响效果,揭开公仆型领导对个体绩效和团队绩效的作用机制。

The essential characteristic of servant leadership is serving first, which transcends any other leadership behaviors of organizational benefits first. However, the relevant research in Chinese organizational context is not enough. This research explored the construct of servant leadership and developed a measure of servant leadership in Chinese context with qualitative method and quantitative method. This research also examined the effectiveness of servant leadership with the techniques of structural equation model and hierarchical regression analysis dealing with the longitudinal data from paired supervisor-subordinate. Three studies were included： （1） The construct and measurement of servant leadership; （2） the longitudinal research of the effectiveness of servant leadership based on the perspective of comparing leadership behaviors; and （3） the longitudinal research of the effectiveness of servant leadership based on the perspective of influencing mechanism. The results are helpful to clarify the connotation and dimensions of servant leadership, recognize and measure servant leadership behavior, and examine the effectiveness of servant leadership. The results also compare the effects of servant leadership on team＇s and employee＇s performance with the ones of paternalistic leadership and transformational leadership, and reveal the mediating mechanism between servant leadership and team＇s and employee＇s performance.